Fiducial Marker-Based Monocular Localization for Autonomous Docking

摘要

The article presents a monocular visual localization system based on fiducial markers for autonomous docking in industrial applications. The design has been tailored for direct use with the docking of a mobile logistic robot under storage racks that requires high robustness, usable accuracy, and easy maintenance at a very low cost. The elaborated solution suggests an innovative calibration tool for determining the positions of used fiducial markers at the docking location, which is based on structure-from-motion reconstruction. Moreover, the paper introduces a localization system calculating the position of the robot relative to the docking location using the Perspective-n-Point Problem solver for the detected markers. The presented approach has been verified for precision and robustness limits in diverse work conditions and quantitatively evaluated in experiments.