Current status and prospects of actuator in robotics

Abstract

This paper presents an overview of the current status and prospects of actuators in robotics, focusing on various types of actuators and their unique characteristics, advancements in actuator technology, common applications, and challenges. The different types of actuators discussed include electromagnetic actuators such as geared drive motors and direct drive motors, hydraulic actuators, and pneumatic actuators. Selection criteria for actuators in robotics are also explored, considering factors like energy efficiency, control precision, and cost. The paper highlights recent advancements in miniaturization, energy efficiency, and control and precision of actuators, along with their applications in industrial, medical, service, and military robots. Limitations and challenges associated with these actuators, such as cost constraints, performance and reliability issues, are addressed. Finally, the paper delves into prospects and future developments in actuator technologies, emphasizing emerging trends like soft robotics and artificial muscles, electroactive polymers, human-robot interaction, exploration robots, and the integration of artificial intelligence, sensor fusion, and advanced control algorithms. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these advancements for the future of robotics and related fields and suggesting areas for further research and development.