Editorial: Biomechanics, sensing and bio-inspired control in rehabilitation and wearable robotics

Abstract

The integration of biomechanics, sensing technology, and bio-inspired control is transforming rehabilitation and wearable robotics by enhancing human mobility and recovery. Biomechanics informs the design of systems that replicate or support natural movement, while advanced sensors monitor physiological and biomechanical data in real time, enabling personalized assistance. Wearable robotics, such as exoskeletons and prosthetics, benefit from technologies like electromyography (EMG) and inertial measurement units (IMUs), which provide feedback for dynamic control adjustments. Xiang et al. conducted a study on back-support exoskeletons during manual material handling tasks, focusing on their biomechanical impact using Functional Data Analysis (FDA) and Functional ANOVA (FANOVA). The goal was to optimize exoskeleton design for safer reduction of lower back load. Participants performed tasks with and without the exoskeleton, while researchers collected data on lumbar load and trunk angle. FANOVA revealed that the exoskeleton significantly reduced lumbar load, particularly in lifting tasks, highlighting its effectiveness. The study also demonstrated FANOVA's advantage in handling time-series data, providing valuable