Functional DNA Structures and Their Biomedical Applications

摘要

Open AccessCCS ChemistryMINI REVIEW1 Oct 2020Functional DNA Structures and Their Biomedical Applications Ziyuan Li†, Chen Wang†, Jiang Li†, Junji Zhang, Chunhai Fan, Itamar Willner and He Tian Ziyuan Li† Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237 (China) , Chen Wang† Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel) , Jiang Li† Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210 (China) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China) , Junji Zhang *Corresponding author(s): E-mail Address: [email protected] E-mail Address: [email protected] Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237 (China) , Chunhai Fan School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China) , Itamar Willner *Corresponding author(s): E-mail Address: [email protected] E-mail Address: [email protected] Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Center for Biohybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel) and He Tian Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237 (China) https://doi.org/10.31635/ccschem.020.202000236 SectionsAboutAbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Since the discovery of the double-helix structure in 1953, nucleic acids have been developed from natural genetic codes into functional building blocks in a wide range of biotechnology and materials sciences. Taking advantage of their design diversity and biocompatibility, functional nucleic acids facilitate the "bottom-up" fabrication of nanomaterials that are highly potential for molecular medicine to treat different diseases, such as cancers. The present perspective article introduces recent advances in the use of these unique properties of nucleic acid biopolymers for biomedical applications. Specifically, nanomaterial/nucleic acid hybrid structures for sensing, controlled drug release, programmable intracellular imaging, and apoptosis, as well as logic calculation, are discussed. Furthermore, the detailed operation for both extracellular and intracellular bioactivity regulation with these new design functional nucleic acid nanostructures are fully illustrated. Download figure Download PowerPoint Introduction The base-sequence comprising nucleic acids provide substantial structural and functional information into their biopolymers.1 Some of these structural and functional motifs are summarized in Figure 1. The base pairing of complementary nucleic acids and the accompanying strand displacement process (a) represent one of the most fundamental features of DNA. The signal-triggered reconfigurations of nucleic acids, such as the pH-stimulated formation and dissociation of i-motif structures,2,3 (b) ,triplex assemblies, (c),4–6 or the reversible reconfiguration of K+-ions stabilized G-quadruplexes and their separation in the presence of crown ethers,7 (d), represent sequ