Autonomous Aerial Robots Application for Crop Survey and Mapping

Abstract

UAVs can be used for remote sensing, irrigation, water utilization, weed detection, yield evaluation, and other smart precision farming tasks. For this, remote sensing heat or infrared cameras or laser scanners are used. To obtain exact data, cameras are employed to capture images. This image can also be used to determine crop size, as well as to evaluate growth and yield. Multispectral cameras are used to capture images that convey humidity information, and they are also frequently employed to monitor water intake. When a photograph is taken with a camera, image processing is required to assess crop growth. With the use of captured photos, they create 2D maps. These maps are crucial for yield estimation and prediction. This chapter proposes a model in which the robot continuously monitors the crops and communicates to the farmer when it finds uneven growth or appearance of 124the crops. This helps the farmer to take necessary actions such as removing the weed, spraying fertilizers, etc.