GLOBAL ROBOTIZATION TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

Abstract

The use of advanced technology is a critical competitive advantage in ensuring the efficiency of industrial production. At present, these requirements are best met by the development of digital industry 4.0, which physi-cally relies not on the creation of a significant fleet of metalworking equipment, but on the mass introduction of industrial robots and automated complexes. The opinion about the negative impact of robotization on the labor market is not confirmed in the works of a number of researchers. The article makes an attempt to assess the global robotization trends and its dynamics in some countries of the world for the period of 1998-2021, as well as to de-termine the prospects for the introduction of robots in Russian industry. At the same time, it has been revealed that Russia lags far behind the developed countries of the world in the rate of installation of new robotic equip-ment, the volume of available industrial robots, the saturation of the industrial sector with robots per 10,000 workers. The rate of spread of high technology in industry is slowed both by the imperfect compensation mecha-nism and the long period of return on investment in robotics, and by the low wages of the majority of industrial workers. The study found that the key driver of robotization is the automotive industry, which is the main con-sumer of robotics. Thus, the prospects for the development of robotization in Russia are also negatively affected by the reduction in the production of cars due to the withdrawal of foreign owners from the market and the high prevalence of automobile assembly plants with a low share of localization, replacing the production of full-cycle cars.