Development of surgical robots: A brief history

摘要

The surgical robot is a complex integrating a number of modern high technologies. It results from the cross-integration and development of medical knowledge with mechanical engineering, intelligent control, advanced sensing technology, and other disciplines. Surgical robots improve the quality of medical services by providing patients with precise, minimally invasive, and intelligent surgical operations. Throughout the development history of surgical robots, with the improvement of the stability and flexibility of robots and the advancement of precise positioning technology, navigation technology, and automation technology, the current robots can perform more complex surgical operations. It has been widely used in orthopaedics, urology, neurosurgery, gastrointestinal surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, gynecology, and many other departments and has achieved good clinical results. Based on the field of surgical robot application, this paper introduces the development history of the main types of surgical robots in detail, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of current surgical robots, and looks forward to the main development directions in the future to provide ideas for further research on surgical robots.