Cardiology
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Cardiology, as it intersects with robotics and AI, encompasses the application of advanced technologies to the diagnosis, treatment, and mechanical support of heart conditions. Robotic systems are used in minimally invasive cardiac surgeries—such as mitral valve repair, coronary artery bypass grafting, and atrial fibrillation ablation—enabling surgeons to operate through small incisions using precisely controlled instruments like the da Vinci Surgical System. These platforms offer enhanced dexterity, tremor filtering, and three-dimensional visualization compared to conventional open-chest approaches. Beyond surgery, soft robotic devices are being developed to physically assist or replicate heart muscle contraction in patients with cardiac failure, while robotic catheter navigation systems allow precise electrode placement during electrophysiology procedures. AI contributes through outcome prediction, biomarker analysis, and optimizing ablation parameters. The significance of these innovations lies in reducing patient trauma, shortening recovery times, improving procedural accuracy, and expanding access to complex interventions—ultimately improving survival and quality of life for patients with structural, coronary, and arrhythmic heart disease.
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Guidelines for reporting mortality and morbidity after cardiac valve interventions
Cary W. Akins, D. Craig Miller, Marko Turina, Nicholas T. Kouchoukos, Eugene H. Blackstone, Gary L. Grunkemeier, Johanna J.M. Takkenberg, Tirone E. David, Eric G. Butchart, David Adams, David M. Shahian, Siegfried Hagl, John E. Mayer, Bruce W. Lytle
Citations: 670 • 2008
Endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting with the aid of robotic assisted instruments
Didier F. Loulmet, Alain Carpentier, Nicola D’Attellis, Alain Berrébi, Cyril Cardon, Olivier Ponzio, Bertrand Aupècle, J. Relland
Citations: 505 • 1999
Guidelines for Reporting Mortality and Morbidity After Cardiac Valve Interventions
Cary W. Akins, D. Craig Miller, Marko Turina, Nicholas T. Kouchoukos, Eugene H. Blackstone, Gary L. Grunkemeier, Johanna J.M. Takkenberg, Tirone E. David, Eric G. Butchart, David Adams, David M. Shahian, Siegfried Hagl, John E. Mayer, Bruce W. Lytle
Citations: 476 • 2008
Soft robotic sleeve supports heart function
Ellen T. Roche, Markus A. Horvath, Isaac Wamala, Ali Alazmani, Sang‐Eun Song, William Whyte, Zurab Machaidze, Christopher J. Payne, James Weaver, Gregory A. Fishbein, Joseph D. Kuebler, Nikolay V. Vasilyev, David Mooney, Frank A. Pigula, Conor J. Walsh
Citations: 417 • 2017
Robotic Magnetic Navigation for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Carlo Pappone, Gabriele Vicedomini, Francesco Manguso, Filippo Gugliotta, Patrizio Mazzone, Simone Gulletta, Nicoleta Sora, Simone Sala, Alessandra Marzi, Giuseppe Augello, Laura Livolsi, Andreina Santagostino, Vincenzo Santinelli
Citations: 397 • 2006
Computer-enhanced “robotic” cardiac surgery: Experience in 148 patients
F. Mohr, Volkmar Falk, Anno Diegeler, Thomas Walther, Jan Gummert, Jan Bucerius, R Autschbach
Citations: 389 • 2001
Guidelines for reporting mortality and morbidity after cardiac valve interventions
Cary W. Akins, D. Craig Miller, Marko Turina, Nicholas T. Kouchoukos, Eugene H. Blackstone, Gary L. Grunkemeier, Johanna J.M. Takkenberg, Tirone E. David, Eric G. Butchart, David Adams
Citations: 288 • 2008
Use of the voice-controlled and computer-assisted surgical system zeus for endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting
Hermann Reichenspurner, Ralph J. Damiano, Michael J. Mack, Dieter H. Boehm, H Gulbins, Christian Detter, Bruno Meiser, Reinhard Ellgass, Bruno Reichart
Citations: 283 • 1999
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Using a Robotic Catheter Remote Control System
Walid I. Saliba, Vivek Y. Reddy, Oussama M. Wazni, Jennifer E. Cummings, J. David Burkhardt, Michel Haïssaguerre, Josef Kautzner, Petr Peichl, Petr Neužil, V. Schibgilla, Georg Noelker, Johannes Brachmann, Luigi Di Biase, Conor D. Barrett, Pierre Jaı̈s, Andrea Natale
Citations: 273 • 2008
Robotic mitral valve surgery: A United States multicenter trial
L. Wiley Nifong, W. Randolph Chitwood, P. Pappas, Craig R. Smith, Michael Argenziano, V. A. Starnes, Pravin M. Shah
Citations: 269 • 2005
Robotic repair of posterior mitral valve prolapse versus conventional approaches: Potential realized
Tomislav Mihaljević, Craig M. Jarrett, A. Marc Gillinov, Sarah Williams, Pierre A. DeVilliers, William J. Stewart, Lars G. Svensson, Joseph F. Sabik, Eugene H. Blackstone
Citations: 240 • 2010
Minimally invasive versus conventional mitral valve surgery: A propensity-matched comparison
Lars G. Svensson, Fernando Antibas Atik, Delos M. Cosgrove, Eugene H. Blackstone, Jeevanantham Rajeswaran, Gita Krishnaswamy, Ung Sik Jin, A. Marc Gillinov, Brian P. Griffin, José Navia, Tomislav Mihaljević, Bruce W. Lytle
Citations: 226 • 2009
Results of the Prospective Multicenter Trial of Robotically Assisted Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Michael Argenziano, Marc Katz, Johannes Bonatti, Sudhir Srivastava, Douglas Murphy, Robert A. Poirier, Didier F. Loulmet, Leland Siwek, Usha Kreaden, David Ligon
Citations: 224 • 2006
Current Practice of State-of-the-Art Surgical Coronary Revascularization
Stuart J. Head, Milan Milojevic, David P. Taggart, John D. Puskas
Citations: 220 • 2017
Robot-assisted minimally invasive solo mitral valve operation
Volkmar Falk, Thomas Walther, Rüdiger Autschbach, Anno Diegeler, Roberto Battellini, Friedrich W. Mohr
Citations: 207 • 1998
Robotic mitral valve repair: experience with the da Vinci system
L. Wiley Nifong, Victor Chu, Brian M. Bailey, David M Maziarz, Vincent L. Sorrell, Donald Holbert, W. Randolph Chitwood
Citations: 205 • 2003
Pathophysiology of Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult
Robert J. Sommer, Ziyad M. Hijazi, John F. Rhodes
Citations: 195 • 2008
Computer-enhanced coronary artery bypass surgery
Friedrich W. Mohr, Volkmar Falk, Anno Diegeler, Rüdiger Autschback
Citations: 187 • 1999
Robotic mitral valve repairs in 300 patients: A single-center experience
W. Randolph Chitwood, Evelio Rodríguez, Michael Chu, Ansar Hassan, T. Bruce Ferguson, Paul Vos, L. Wiley Nifong
Citations: 187 • 2008
Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting on cardiopulmonary bypass with robotically enhanced telemanipulation: Report of forty-five cases
Sait Mesut Doğan, Tayfun Aybek, E. Andreßen, Christian Byhahn, S. Mierdl, K. Westphal, G. Matheis, Anton Moritz, Gerhard Wimmer‐Greinecker
Citations: 181 • 2002