Bioinspired Electronic Skin with Low-Threshold OECTs for Direct Processing of Multimodal Sensing Signals

Abstract

As a vital component of humanoid robots and a key module in smart wearable devices, electronic skin plays a significant role in enabling biomimetic perception and interactive feedback. However, achieving the synergistic integration of multimodal perception-response and low-power signal processing remains a significant challenge. In this work, we present a bioinspired electronic skin system with logic-level decoupling of multimodal inputs as its core innovation, which integrates a triboelectric/pyroelectric dual-mode self-powered sensor, an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) array, and a feedback unit to construct a closed-loop perception-response pathway. By designing OECTs with low threshold voltage and fast response, and optimizing the impedance matching between the electrolyte and the sensor, the system is capable of recognizing and responding to transient and weak signals. More importantly, employing OECTs with different threshold voltages enables clear separation and reliable processing of multimodal signals at the logic level, ensuring accurate information interpretation. The system is ultimately integrated into both a robotic hand and a flexible wearable platform, demonstrating its application potential in human-machine interaction and intelligent feedback.