Design Process for Adaptive Spraying of Pesticides Based on Mutual Plant Health Detection and Monitoring: A Review

Abstract

In modern days Agriculture industry requires automation on the industry standard 4.0 to increase the need for food demand to make satisfy the 103.5 million Metric Tons of grains per year, like rice crops where there is a need for precautionary health monitoring and plant cultivation must be in future looking at growth in recent years of the human population. Here the suggestive approach is to design and implementation of a robotics mechanism that holds records of plants-health, and environmental conditions, and the effective use of pesticides as per need should be monitored in real-time. Since the existing geographical conditions for agriculture plants and their proper growth depend on either sufficient rainfall or a good water supply with better knowledge of the fertilization process suited as per fertility of the land. In India during cultivation very few farmers are going for the fertility test of their lands, hence without knowing the actual indexed value it is exceedingly difficult to the prediction of fertilizer mixing & use of different types. Therefore, many such farmers do work on belief in the knowledge of ancient ways of traditional cultivation. This is the root cause of failure in agriculture where the crops are not getting proper nutrition, which results in a minimal amount of production & loss of crops. According to one of the case studies of rice cultivation types, such as transplantation, drilling, Japanese, and broadcast methods. Pesticides have been used mainly for the protection of plants as well as humans from malaria, dengue, and fever. In the Indian pesticide industry investment in pesticides in 2019 is over 73 billion Indian rupees. Different types of pesticides have been used for farming such as herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, etc. the effect of pesticides on the fertility of crops and land is due to the hard treatment of soil with pesticides causing the population of soil microorganisms to decrease. As per the Government of India, 30 percent of land gets degraded. This review paper is focused on such cases where the complex situation can be minimized and how IoT is helpful in the Adaptive Spraying of Pesticides Depending on Mutual Plant Health Detection and Monitoring is suggested.