Biomimetic hydrogel‐based sensors with dual‐mode dynamic‐static tactile sensing capability enabling robotic hand for intelligent material property recognition

Abstract

Abstract The realization of intelligent tactile perception in robotic systems requires multifunctional sensors capable of mimicking the dual‐mode sensing mechanisms of human skin. Herein, we present a biomimetic hydrogel‐based sensor capable of dynamic tactile detection through triboelectric sensing and static pressure monitoring via ionic‐supercapacitive sensing. The triboelectric unit achieves a peak voltage of 14.64 V, with <5% signal decay over 5000 s of cycling, enabling robust detection of transient interactions (e.g., tapping or sliding). Additionally, the ionic‐supercapacitive unit exhibits a high sensitivity of 2.69 kPa −1 between 0.8–28 kPa, a rapid response time of 0.5 s, and minimal signal drift of <5% during 7‐day continuous operation, providing stable monitoring of static interactions (e.g., touching or pressing). By leveraging a multilayer perceptron neural network, a robotic hand equipped with a biomimetic hydrogel‐based bimodal sensor demonstrates intelligent recognition of material types and hardness levels with a high accuracy of 98.5%. This study establishes a paradigm for high‐performance electronic skins, which advances human‐machine interfaces and artificial intelligence‐driven robotics through biomimetic tactile perception. image