Application of Surgical Safety Standards to Robotic Surgery: Five Principles of Ethics for Nonmaleficence

摘要

Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO *Correspondence address: Sam B Bhayani, MD, Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4960 Children's Pl, Campus Box 8242, St Louis, MO 63110. E-mail: [email protected] Received October 4, 2013; revised November 5, 2013; accepted November 6, 2013. Disclosure Information: Dr Bhayani is a consultant for Intuitive Surgical, Surgiquest, and Baxter. All other authors have nothing to disclose.