Timo Roine

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About

Timo Roine is a leading researcher in non-invasive brain stimulation and closed-loop neurotechnology. His primary research areas include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), and the development of open-source tools for real-time, brain-state-dependent neuromodulation. Roine’s most notable contribution is the creation of **NeuroSimo**, an open-source software platform that enables researchers to rapidly prototype closed-loop EEG- or EMG-guided TMS paradigms. This work addresses a critical gap in the field by replacing proprietary, inflexible hardware with a high-level programming environment, democratizing access to advanced stimulation protocols. His highly cited 2021 paper on improving closed-loop TMS timing using the Wavenet model (8 citations) further demonstrates his impact, establishing novel methods for precise, robotic TMS mapping of motor cortex neurophysiology in children. Roine’s research has introduced the center of gravity (COG) as a potential marker of neuroplastic change, opening new avenues for studying motor learning and neuromodulation. With his commitment to open science and methodological innovation, Roine is shaping the future of personalized, real-time brain stimulation.