Welding Automation and Robotics

Abstract

Welding, a cornerstone of production, transforms automation and integrates robotics. This chapter examines the evolution of automation and robotics emphasizing their impact on efficiency, precision, and safety in various industries. Robots are very adaptable to multiple types of welding, such as resistance and arc welders. The function of sensors in robotic welding is explored, along with a detailed analysis of methodologies for extracting weld seam position and geometry features using various sensor types commonly used for seam tracking. We discuss the proposed welding reported task data model, which aims to rectify the deficiencies of existing robotic welders in aircraft manufacturing by incorporating precise geometry, dimension, and welding requirement information. This is achieved through a thorough requirement analysis that identifies and summarizes the relevant information necessary for a seamless welding process, including machine readability and compatibility considerations. This chapter also analyses robotic welding systems that produce structural steel components for bridges, skyscrapers, and industrial facilities with unprecedented efficiency and precision, shortening building timetables and decreasing on-site labor requirements. There is a highlight on the evolution and development of robotics by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in welding, including several advantages and disadvantages associated with using various robots for welders. Further discussion is held on using different sensors to compare their benefits and drawbacks.