History and Role of AI in Healthcare and Medicine

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of intelligent behaviour by computers without human input. In 1956, artificial intelligence was formally defined as the science and engineering of intelligent machines. Robotics, medical diagnosis, medical statistics, and human biology – including today's “omics” – are all applicable in healthcare and medicine. The majority of primary care practitioners (PCPs), despite AI's promise to improve primary care, are unaware of what it is, how it will affect them and their patients, as well as its main restrictions and ethical problems. There are virtual and physical branches of medical AI. The virtual branch uses informatics techniques like active physician treatment, decision support, and deep learning information management to handle health management systems like electronic health records. The best example of the physical branch is a robot that assists an old patient or a surgeon in the operating room. In addition to this, AI is inconsistently identifying the individual's race in past research with medical imaging. As AI is capable of identifying a specific individual's race, even from distorted, reaped, and noisy images from medical science, while clinical specialists cannot, it involves a major risk in deployment. In this chapter, we examine the landscape of artificial intelligence within the current medical student curricula and make an effort to understand how it can affect both current healthcare and the practice of medicine in the future.