Infection Prophylaxis in Urological Diagnostic and Surgical Procedures – A narrative review and Recommendations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: In this review we will provide recommendations for surgical site infection (SSI) prophylaxis in urological diagnostic and surgical procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a narrative review of the literature in PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration databases using the terms "infection," "surgery," "urology," and "antibiotic prophylaxis" Results: We suggest recommendations of prophylactic antibiotic in the follow procedures: prostate biopsy, Urethrocystoscopy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for Urinary Stones, endoscopic ureterolithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolitothomy, Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) and Prostatic Enucleation, Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT), Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Injection, surgical correction of female stress incontinence, Surgical Correction of Pelvic Organ Prolapse, urological prosthesis implantation and Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Urologic Surgery Conclusions: Consideration in SSI prophylaxis and the prophylactic antibiotic regimens in several urological procedures are show in this paper and will be useful to urologic practice.