Carbon fiber/thermoelectric Ag ₂S core–shell structure-based temperature–pressure dual-mode sensors

Abstract

Dual-mode temperature-pressure sensors hold significant promise for personal health monitoring, wearable devices, and robotic signal detection. However, conventional designs that integrate two separate sensors complicate the fabrication process. This work presents a dual-mode temperature-pressure sensor based on a core-shell carbon fiber/Ag₂S film fabricated using a facile electrodeposition. The sensor employs its thermoelectric mechanism for self-powered temperature sensing, enabling accurate detection of finger touches and respiratory states, and exhibits a rapid response time of 0.7 s. For pressure sensing, its shell-to-shell contact ensures an ultra-fast response time of 0.2 s, facilitating the precise monitoring of body movements. Beyond its sensing functionalities, the sensor demonstrates superior electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of 50 dB (a twofold improvement), tensile strength of 59 MPa (10× enhancement), and antibacterial effectiveness over 95%. These properties make it an excellent candidate for self-powered electronic sensor systems, paving the way for health monitoring, wearable technology, and artificial intelligence.