Nanofibrous PAN‐PDMS Films‐Based High‐Performance Triboelectric Artificial Whisker for Self‐Powered Obstacle Detection

Abstract

Abstract Avoiding collisions is a key necessity for any autonomous mobile robot, and obstacle mapping enables them to maneuver in an uncharted area. In this era of the Internet of Things, with the emerging need for a multitude of sensors, adopting self‐powered technologies is more practically viable than batteries for powering the same. Herein, with the fabrication of a triboelectric artificial whisker (TAW), a self‐powered obstacle detection is demonstrated via tactile perception. The mechanical contact with the obstacle gives rise to an electrical signal from the TAW owing to the embedded triboelectric sensor. In addition, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and polydimethylsiloxane film, which facilitates this self‐powered artificial sensation, generates an output voltage of 720 V and current density of 5 mA m −2 with 1.7 W m −2 of maximum power delivery from a force of 10 N. The electro‐spinning aided enhancement in contact area of the PAN is responsible for the remarkable improvement in the performance of the TENG, 3.4 times enhancement in power density, when compared to the nonsurface‐modified ones. In addition, the TENG is able to charge commercial capacitors up to appreciable values and demonstrates powering different electronic gadgets such as calculators and thermometers.