Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy for Nonmetastatic Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder: A Comparison Between Intracorporeal Versus Extracorporeal Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder

Abstract

Introduction: To compare surgical, oncologic, functional outcomes and complication rate between intracorporeal neobladder (ICNB) and extracorporeal neobladder (ECNB) orthotopic ileal neobladder of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) in patients with nonmetastatic bladder carcinoma (BC). Materials and Methods: From 2014 to 2019, we prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed 101 patients with nonmetastatic BC treated with RARC and ortothopic neobladder. Chi-squared test estimated differences in proportions of functional and oncologic outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models (MLRMs) focused on overall, early (<30 days from discharge), and late complication rate (>30 days from discharge) in ICNB vs ECNB. Results: Of all patients, 57 (56.4%) ICNB and 44 (43.6%) ECNB patients were identified. At least one complication occurred in 75.4% vs 72.7% in ICNB vs ECNB, respectively ( p = 0.9). In MLRMs, focusing on complication rate, there was no statistically significant difference between ICNB vs ECNB for overall ( p = 0.8), early ( p = 0.6), and late complications ( p = 0.8). No statistically significant differences were recorded for tumor relapse rate, cancer-specific and other cause mortality. No positive surgical margins were recorded in both groups. Daytime and nighttime continence recovery were 89.4% vs 87.1% ( p = 1.0) and 63.8% vs 51.6% ( p = 1.0) for ICNB vs ECNB. Potency recovery was 59.1% vs 54.3% ( p = 0.5) for ICNB vs ECNB. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences in complication rate (overall, early, or late) were identified, when ICNB and ECNB were compared. Similarly, no statistically significant difference was found in oncologic and functional outcomes.