Orthopaedic surgeon attitudes towards current limitations and the potential for robotic and technological innovation in arthroscopic surgery

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the perceptions of surgeons at both consultant and resident level to the difficulties of performing knee arthroscopy and to determine their willingness to adopt robotic technology. Methods: A questionnaire was designed to discern the attitude of orthopaedic consultants and residents to the technical challenges of performing knee arthroscopy and the possible role of robotically enhanced surgery. The questionnaire included 31 questions across five key domains. Results: Iatrogenic damage to articular cartilage was thought to occur in at least 1 in 10 cases by 50% of respondents with 15% believing that it occurred in every case. One hundred or more procedures were thought to be necessary to overcome the learning curve by 40% of respondents and 77.5% believed that 50 procedures or above were necessary. Ninety-nine per cent of respondents agreed that higher technical skills would decrease unintended damage. Despite such difficulties with the procedure and no prior experience with robotic surgery, 47% of respondents see a role for semiautonomous arthroscopic systems in the future. Conclusions: Surgeons believe that knee arthroscopy is a difficult procedure with a long learning curve and a high incidence of iatrogenic cartilage damage. Many find it ergonomically challenging and have frustration with current tools and technology. Clinical Relevance: This is the first study that highlights surgeons’ difficulties performing knee arthroscopy despite the commonly held attitudes that it is a straightforward procedure. Systems that are able to decrease these problems should improve patients’ outcomes and decrease the risk of harm.