On formalizing commonsense reasoning using the modal situation logic and reflective reasoning

摘要

The most natural aspect of human thinking; namely, commonsense, has been the hardest to grasp in the artificial intelligence field. Without commonsense, it is impossible for a robot to survive in a real world. Classical logics are not suitable for commonsense reasoning because, first, they are not flexible enough to allow conflicting conclusions from incomplete knowledge, and second, they are not powerful enough to reason about a changing world. In this research, We introduce Modal Situation Logic, KZ, which is a modal logic approach of the situational calculus. When combined with reflective reasoning (where a knowledgebase can be described in terms of itself), this logic system can provide a step by step derivation of various commonsense reasoning problems. Three of the most fundamental commonsense reasoning problems; namely, the nonmonotonicity problem, the frame problem and the belief revision problem are investigated using our formalism to show its applicability.