Impacts et enjeux du robot chirurgical dans les blocs opératoires. Passer des compétences techniques individuelles aux compétences non-techniques collectives

摘要

The laparoscopy is a "minimal invasive" surgery that has benefits for the patient over conventional open surgery. It does, however, have many drawbacks and constraints that require a relatively long period of adaptation and learning to acquire new technical skills. Although it also calls for the development of new technical skills of its own, the robotic tool has, however, provided solutions to the intrinsic limits of laparoscopy by allowing for a more intuitive, precise and less constrained surgical act. The robot-assisted surgery nevertheless creates other drawbacks, at a more collective level this time, particularly in terms of communication and teamwork. The analysis of the activity of an operating block using the surgical robot, based on a literature review, on several observations within operating blocks and training sessions in robotic surgery, on a video capture of a urology surgical intervention and on self-confrontation interviews, highlighted the impact of the surgical robot in an operating block and the challenges in terms of collective non-technical skills.