Gabriel Hallevy

Papers

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About

Gabriel Hallevy is a pioneering legal scholar whose work sits at the volatile intersection of criminal law and artificial intelligence. His research fundamentally redefines legal accountability in an age of autonomous machines, challenging the core assumption that only humans can bear criminal liability. Hallevy’s most influential contribution is his groundbreaking book *When Robots Kill: Artificial Intelligence under Criminal Law* (2013), which has accumulated over 70 citations and established the foundational framework for a new field of legal inquiry. In this work, he proposes a tripartite model of liability—perpetration-by-another, natural-probable-consequence, and direct liability—to address scenarios where AI systems cause harm. By systematically applying traditional criminal law doctrines to non-human actors, Hallevy has provided the essential legal vocabulary for judges, legislators, and technologists grappling with the implications of autonomous weapons, self-driving cars, and algorithmic decision-making. His work is not merely theoretical; it offers a pragmatic roadmap for ensuring justice in a future where machines can kill. For any student or researcher exploring the legal frontiers of AI, Hallevy’s scholarship is the indispensable starting point.