Exploring needs, prevalence and experience with robotic-assisted surgery training among residents: a mixed method study

Abstract

Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly used in clinical practice, but training opportunities for residents vary widely. This multicenter, mixed-methods study assessed Dutch residents' exposure to RAS, identified their training needs, and explored their perspectives on the future of RAS through a survey (n = 148) and groups interviews (n = 20). Informed consent was obtained. While 69.6% of the residents had RAS experience, only 14.2% had operated as console surgeon. Despite robots being available in 75.7% of hospitals, hands-on training remained limited. Most residents (77.7%) expressed interest in a national RAS curriculum. Qualitative data revealed four major themes: needs and experiences, training requirements, the role of the OR team and industry, and assessment and feedback, with residents advocating for early exposure and holistic feedback. There is a clear need for a formalized RAS training program. Future research should focus on structured curricula, tailored to resident needs, including possible barriers and facilitators.