Personalized upper limb stroke rehabilitation using data-driven multi-modal electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based brain computer interface (BCI) with soft robotic glove

Abstract

orbitofrontal).We increased stimulation intensity incrementally from 0.1 mA to a maximum of 6 mA in steps of 0.5 mA.Heart rate was monitored via electrocardiogram (ECG).HBC was quantified by interpolating heart rate at each time point and extracting the power at 0.1Hz.Results: HBC was observed during stimulation at two target sites -dACC and sgACC.This was demonstrated by a spectral peak at 0.1Hz and presence of HBC at 0.1Hz.No HBC was detected at control stimulation sites, which included the frontal and orbitofrontal regions.See figure for dACC.Conclusion: Administering iTBS intracranially to sgACC and dACC using sEEG induced HBC, implicating their role in the frontal-vagal pathway.This work supports the hypothesis that HBC involves a pathway through the central nervous system, validating HBC as a metric of frontal-vagal engagement.Further research is needed to explore clinical implications of HBC and its relationship to autonomic changes and treatment outcomes.