Investments in ICT software and equipment in the process of digital transformation of European Union enterprises

Abstract

The author explains the ambiguity of the meaning of digitization, digitalization and digital transformation expressions. She discusses the genesis of digital transformation of enterprises, and compares the access, scope and quality of used technological innovations, ITC solutions, digital software and hardware in companies in various sectors, and of different sizes and scope of functioning. The digitization, digitalization and digital transformation are often used incorrectly and interchangeably without proper understanding, especially when one talks about business. Digitalization leads to a digital business, which is essential together with full digitization to start the digital transformation of the society, environment and business itself. Investing in appropriate computer equipment, digital devices, machines and robots involves costly purchase and expenditure of money for their software, service and updating. In addition, an extremely important element of transformation is the constant need to acquire more expertise and competences, which can also be, and usually is, expensive.