Autonomous Tilt Sensing System Utilizing Optimized Fabrication‐Enhanced Nanocomposite Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Full‐Spherical Coverage

Abstract

Abstract Electronic tilt sensors are extensively utilized in modern industrial applications such as construction, automotive, aerospace, and robotics. However, self‐powered tilt sensors with full‐spherical coverage remains underexplored. This study introduces an autonomous peak‐detection tilt sensing (APTS) system utilizing a tilt sensing triboelectric nanogenerator (TS‐TENG) with interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) and a ball mechanism. The TS‐TENG integrates spinel CuCo 2 O 4 (CCO) nanopillars on a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sub‐microfibrous structure. The optimized CCO@PMMA‐based TENG exhibits significant enhancement in performance. The open‐circuit voltage increases from 176.23 to 391.82 V, a 2.22‐fold increase, and the short‐circuit current increases from 29.40 to 91.87 µA, a 3.12‐fold increase compared to the bare PMMA‐based TENG. Additionally, under a load resistance of 2 MΩ, the TS‐TENG generates a maximum power of 20.39 mW. The APTS system is successfully validated through both simulation and experimental approaches. By implementing a counting mechanism to track the types and numbers of positive and negative peaks, the system achieves omnidirectional full‐spherical coverage. This work not only elucidates the optimization process of the CCO@PMMA composite and the influence of CCO on triboelectricity but also underscores the potential of TENGs as self‐powered 360° tilt sensors.