Effect of sugammadex on processed EEG parameters in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Abstract

BackgroundSugammadex has been associated with increases in the bispectral index (BIS). We evaluated the effects of sugammadex administration on quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) measures.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational study of adult male patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. All patients received a sevoflurane-based general anaesthetic and a continuous infusion of rocuronium, which was reversed with 2 mg kg−1 of sugammadex i.v. BIS, EEG, and EMG measures were captured with the BIS Vista™ monitor.ResultsTwenty-five patients were included in this study. Compared with baseline, BIS increased at 4–6 min (β coefficient: 3.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.22–5.04; P<0.001), spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95) increased at 2–4 min (β coefficient: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.05–0.52; P=0.016) and 4–6 min (β coefficient: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.47–0.94; P<0.001), and EMG increased at 4–6 min (β coefficient: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.00–2.81; P<0.001) after sugammadex administration. Compared with baseline, increased beta power was observed at 2–4 min (β coefficient: 93; 95% CI: 1–185; P=0.046) and 4–6 min (β coefficient: 208; 95% CI: 116–300; P<0.001), and decreased delta power was observed at 4–6 min (β coefficient: −526.72; 95% CI: −778 to −276; P<0.001) after sugammadex administration. Neither SEF95 nor frequency band data analysis adjusted for EMG showed substantial differences. None of the patients showed clinical signs of awakening.ConclusionsAfter neuromuscular block reversal with 2 mg kg−1 sugammadex, BIS, SEF95, EMG, and beta power showed small but statistically significant increases over time, while delta power decreased.