Biomass Based Moisture-Triggered Hybrid Actuator and Electric Generator with Self-Powered Motion Tracking Capability

Abstract

Constructing moisture-triggered devices with actuation, power generation, and motion tracking capability simultaneously utilizing solution-processable biomass materials is intriguing while remaining a great challenge. Herein, we designed and integrated a device for synchronized actuation and energy output under moisture stimulation, which was constructed with Zn–C electrodes, a biomass film, and a PET film. The biomass membrane with hygroscopicity and ion transport was fabricated using the long-term stable microgel (CKM-GO) composed of cellulose, keratin, and graphene oxide (GO). The integrated device possessed both the fascinating actuation parameters (bending angle of 117°, response time of 3.5 s, curvature of 0.51 cm–1) and energy output (output voltage of 1.2 V and current of 2.2 μA) at 80% RH. Furthermore, the assembled arms grasped–released an object under moisture stimulation, meanwhile the self-powered generated voltage signal tracked the operation process. The device with multiple moisture-responsive functions provides promising platforms for self-powered motion tracking, intelligent robotics, and energy production.