Performance Analysis of Wearable Robotic Exoskeleton in Construction Tasks: Productivity and Motion Stability Assessment

Abstract

The construction industry is physically demanding, often requiring workers to lift heavy materials, perform repetitive bending motions, and maintain stability on elevated structures. Wearable robotic exoskeletons have been introduced as a promising solution to alleviate physical strain and enhance work efficiency. However, prior research has predominantly focused on the ergonomic benefits and injury prevention potential of exoskeletons, with limited quantitative analysis on their impact on actual productivity. This study addressed this research gap by experimentally evaluating the effects of a wearable robotic exoskeleton on construction productivity and motion stability. A total of 20 experienced construction workers participated in controlled experiments involving three representative tasks: sack carrying, masonry bricklaying, and scaffolding installation. Each task was performed under both low-intensity and high-intensity conditions, with and without exoskeleton. Performance metrics, including work output, movement stability, and postural control, were measured using IMU sensors and productivity tracking over a 2 h work period. The results demonstrated that exoskeleton-assisted work led to significant productivity improvements, particularly in high-intensity tasks, with productivity gains of up to 59.5%. Additionally, movement stability metrics showed a 24.8% to 35.4% reduction in sway areas, indicating enhanced balance and control. The findings further revealed that the productivity advantage of exoskeletons increased over time, highlighting their potential in mitigating fatigue effects during prolonged work sessions. These findings provide empirical evidence that wearable robotic exoskeletons can serve as effective tools for improving construction productivity and worker stability, positioning them as viable solutions for physically demanding tasks in construction and related industries.