Revolutionizing cancer surgery: Harnessing artificial intelligence and augmented reality for next-generation precision oncology

摘要

In the rapidly evolving landscape of precision oncology, the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) is redefining cancer surgery with unparalleled accuracy and transformative potential. This review synthesizes a robust body of clinical evidence, drawn from over 80 peer-reviewed studies, to illuminate how AI’s sophisticated data analytics and AR’s immersive visualization synergize to enhance every phase of oncologic intervention—from preoperative tumor characterization to intraoperative navigation and postoperative monitoring. AI-driven algorithms excel in decoding complex imaging and genomic data, enabling precise tumor staging and risk stratification, while AR overlays provide real-time, dynamic guidance for resecting tumors in challenging anatomical regions like the brain, liver, and lungs. Integrated AI-AR systems, particularly in robotic-assisted procedures, have demonstrated remarkable reductions in operative time, blood loss, and positive margin rates, alongside improved survival and quality-of-life outcomes in cancers such as breast, lung, and kidney. Yet, challenges like data bias, algorithmic transparency, and equitable access, particularly in resource-limited settings, underscore the need for innovative solutions like extended reality and open-source platforms. This manuscript charts a visionary path forward, advocating for collaborative research and policy reforms to democratize these technologies, ensuring that the promise of precision oncology—where every incision is informed by data-driven insight and visual clarity—becomes a global reality, revolutionizing cancer care with precision, equity, and hope.