Advancements in Robotic Welding Sensing Technology

摘要

Robotic welding enhances product quality by making the welding process easier and more accurate in its application. Sensing technology developments are powerful means to increase the functionality of robotic welding systems. This paper provides insight into the current breakthroughs in robotic welding sensing techniques covering vision-based sensing, weld pool monitoring, seam tracking, defect detection, and quality inspection. Vision systems enable real-time observation of the welding process and provide accurate control over weld quality and supervision. Integrating temperature and force sensors into the welding head allows for monitoring the weld pool and penetration providing complete control over the welding process to optimize welding conditions for stronger connections. Seam tracking and positioning techniques increase welding accuracy by properly aligning the welding torch in relation to the workpiece. The procedures for defect detection and quality inspection provide identification and classification of weld faults ensuring that high-quality welds can be attained. Sensing technologies fused with artificial intelligence provide better analytics of data, hence process optimization and adaptive control. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enables real-time data interchange, remote monitoring, and centralized management of robotic welding systems. In this research, several applications of sensing technology in intelligent robotic arc welding processes are discussed. The results show their potential for higher productivity and quality. The scope of sensing technology in the future in robotic welding processes is explored with new trends and opportunities for further improvement.