TOOLS AND METHODS FOR EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS DETECTION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTER VISION

摘要

Relevance. The problem of detecting explosive ordnance remains one of the most acute in the modern world and in Ukraine, in particular due to the growing number of armed conflicts and contamination of territories with landmines and unexploded ordnance. Traditional methods of demining are time-consuming, dangerous, time-consuming and not always effective, necessitating the introduction of innovative technologies based on artificial intelligence and computer vision. Object of research. The object of research is intelligent tools and methods for detecting explosive objects, in particular the proposed prototype combining deep learning (YOLOv8) and robotic platforms for real time. Purpose of the article. The article is aimed at analyzing existing solutions, developing and experimentally testing an efficient, portable system for automated mine detection using lightweight deep learning models capable of operating on mobile devices in a variety of environmental conditions. Research results. Two specialized datasets covering different types of mines (POM-2, POM-3, PMA-2 "starfish") and various environmental conditions, soil types, weather factors and the presence of obstacles were used, modernized and annotated in the work. To speed up the training of the AI models, distributed and parallel computing are applied. The YOLOv8-nano and YOLOv8-small models demonstrated high precision (up to 98.8%) and recall for major landmine classes, which was confirmed by the analysis of confusion matrices and key metrics. The focus is on the development and research of a prototype system for automated landmine detection based on deep learning and computer vision, integrated with robotic platforms and unmanned aerial vehicles. The system provides real-time operation (2-2.6 frames per second) on mobile devices, has a simple architecture and the ability to integrate with robotic and unmanned platforms. Conclusions. The proposed system is promising for humanitarian demining due to its high accuracy, mobility and ease of deployment. At the same time, the results of the experiments indicate the need for further improvement of models to increase resistance to changes in environmental conditions and reduce the number of false positives. The implementation of such solutions will contribute to increasing the efficiency and safety of demining in post-conflict regions.