A Cognitive Approach for Performance Measurement in Flexible Manufacturing Systems using Cognitive Maps

摘要

Cognition is a process, which includes perceiving, storing, remembering, re-calling, and using the senses. In other words, cognition consists of the physical and mental activities of understanding, commenting on, and learning to perception of our world. The term cognitive approach comes from the behavioral science of psychology. It was challenged around the beginning of the 1980s by the concept of cognitive ergonomics that mental work (thinking) is far more important than manual work (doing) Cognitive systems mean that the analysis cannot be based on a structural decomposition of human-machine systems, but have to be referred to the notion of acting system which means that humans and machines are seen together As computer-based systems (modern manufacturing systems) become more complex, performance of the human in such systems become more critical due to the assignment of cognitive and decision making tasks to the jobshop. The rapid development of manufacturing technology requires operators to learn new skills continuously. Since humans play a critical role, the interaction between tasks and human skills must be thoroughly understood so that corporations can adapt efficiently to new technologies Besides, the classical performance measurement systems are insufficient to measure human and system performance factors. Manufacturers face an increasingly uncertain external environment as the rate of the change in customer expectations, global competition and technology accelerates, hence manufacturing flexibility has become a critical dimension. A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) combines NC and CNC machines, a material handling system (MHS), and a computer system to control the work. These systems are appropriate for mid-volume and mid-variety manufacturing. The components of the systems are: (1) NC and CNC machines (2) Robots and (3) Direct control unit for material handling system and CNC machines (DNC) A hierarchy is an efficient way to organize a complex system, as it is efficient structurally when representing the system and when controlling and passing information down the system. However, many decision-making problems like cognitive performance evaluation