KIDNEY CANCER AND THE RISK FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: MATCHED-PAIRED COMPARISON WITH LIVING DONORS

摘要

laparoscopic transducer (Aloka Inc, Japan) was used to image renal tumors for the purpose of nephron sparing surgery. Transperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomies were performed in a non-survival pig model using the da Vinci S Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale). TilePro was used in all cases to overlay real-time ultrasound images on to the console (Figure 2). The robotic partial nephrectomy specimens