Single‐Layer Gradient MXene Aerogels via a Facile Gravity‐Assisted Assembly Strategy for High‐Performance Broadband Multispectral Camouflage

摘要

ABSTRACT With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things, intelligent robotics, drones, and advanced surveillance systems, materials that provide reliable multispectral shielding and camouflage are increasingly essential. Herein, we present a facile gravity‐assisted assembly strategy to fabricate a single‐layer MXene‐based gradient aerogel capable of simultaneous camouflage across microwave, infrared, and visible bands, a combination that has rarely been achieved. Comprising MXene nanoflakes, Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles, and cellulose nanofibers, the aerogel leverages the complementary properties of its components to form a functional single‐layer gradient during fabrication. This gradient architecture enhances impedance matching and extends the propagation and dissipation pathways of incident microwaves. Consequently, the aerogel exhibits absorption‐dominated shielding with an absorption efficiency of 0.9 and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 77 dB, surpassing state‐of‐the‐art absorption‐dominated EMI shielding materials. Finite element simulations reveal that these properties stem from the synergistic interplay of gradient architecture and multiple loss mechanisms. Beyond microwave shielding, the aerogel demonstrates excellent infrared and visible‐light camouflage. This work establishes a versatile, single‐layer gradient design as a new paradigm for multifunctional multispectral camouflage materials.