CobotGear: Interaction with Collaborative Robots using Wearable Optical Motion Capturing Systems

摘要

In industrial applications, complex tasks require human collaboration since the robot doesn't have enough dexterity. However, the robots are still implemented as tools and not as collaborative intelligent systems. To ensure safety in the human-robot collaboration, we introduce a system that presents a new method that integrates low-cost wearable mocap, and an improved collision avoidance algorithm based on the artificial potential fields. Wearable optical motion capturing allows to track the human hand position with high accuracy and low latency on large working areas. To increase the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, two obstacle types are discriminated according to their collision probability. A preliminary experiment was performed to analyze the algorithm behavior and to select the best values for the obstacle's threshold angle <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">θ</sup> OBS, and for the avoidance threshold distance <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sup> AT. The second experiment was carried out to evaluate the system performance with <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sup> AT = 0.2 m and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">θ</sup> OBS = 45 degrees. The third experiment evaluated the system in a real collaborative task. The results demonstrate the robust performance of the robotic arm generating smooth collision-free trajectories. The proposed technology will allow consumer robots to safely collaborate with humans in cluttered environments, e.g., factories, kitchens, living rooms, and restaurants.