New technology in the treatment of nephrolithiasis

摘要

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize recent literature on advances in technology pertaining to the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi. The focus is commensurate with the areas of recent advances, i.e. flexible ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Surgical simulators are also addressed, as technological advances are poised to reshape resident education. RECENT FINDINGS: Significant advances in ureteroscope technology are reviewed, focusing on digital optics, scope design and accessories. Early results of flexible robotics are summarized. Published experience with biologic hemostatic agents for percutaneous nephrolithotomy is discussed. Finally, we review recent publications and future prospects for surgical simulators. SUMMARY: New technology is significantly impacting the minimally invasive endourologic approach to stone disease. Instrument designs and accessories continue to evolve, allowing increasingly delicate maneuverability in confined spaces, with excellent stone clearance and enhanced safety.