A perceptual memory system for grounding semantic representations in intelligent service robots

摘要

This paper addresses the problem of grounding semantic representations in intelligent service robots. In particular, this work contributes to addressing two important aspects, namely the anchoring of object symbols into the perception of the objects and the grounding of object category symbols into the perception of known instances of the categories. The paper discusses memory requirements for storing both semantic and perceptual data and, based on the analysis of these requirements, proposes an approach based on two memory components, namely a semantic memory and a perceptual memory. The perception, memory, learning and interaction capabilities, and the perceptual memory, are the main focus of the paper. Three main design options address the key computational issues involved in processing and storing perception data: a lightweight, NoSQL database, is used to implement the perceptual memory; a thread-based approach with zero copy transport of messages is used in implementing the modules; and a multiplexing scheme, for the processing of the different objects in the scene, enables parallelization. The system is designed to acquire new object categories in an incremental and open-ended way based on user-mediated experiences. The system is fully integrated in a broader robot system comprising low-level control and reactivity to high-level reasoning and learning.